Answer the question in essay form Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Answer the question in form - Essay Example My patients would probably not be comfortable with me being a male as they generally were served by females previously. Females are known to be more caring than males and hence my patients would prefer a female nurse to manage them. To handle the role conflict, I would have to learn the profession more closely. I would have to work with females to learn their skills so I can manage my patients in the same effective manner. To further finish the role conflict, I would make my patients more comfortable with me by showing them my good management skills. Being a female boxer on the other hand would have similar problems. Boxing is a a profession stereotyped for males and not females. Females would generally be discriminated in boxing and I would hence face this discrimination. Women are believed to be physically weaker than men and hence boxing would be discouraged by everyone close to me. To handle this conflict I would have to go for proper training and show everyone that I am strong enough to handle this profession. This strength would thus help in diminishing the discrimination. Thus it can be analyzed that role conflict can be managed with appropriate skills and management and nowadays this is being done in many

Foreign Capital Essay Example for Free

Foreign Capital Essay Foreign capital: The capital available to any country other than the domestic capital in order to finance any domestic purpose is called foreign capital. Need for Foreign Capital 1.Capital investment requirements – Since underdeveloped countries want to industrialize themselves within a short period of time, it becomes necessary to increase capital investment substantially. This requires a high level of savings. However, because of general poverty, the savings are very low. This creates a resource gap between investment needs and savings. This gap has to be filled through foreign capital. 2. Technology transfers – The under developed countries have lower technological capacity as compared to advanced countries. The desire for industrialization creates the need for importing technology from advanced countries. Such technology transfer usually comes with foreign capital in the form of private foreign investment or foreign collaboration. The technological gap is reduced by training domestic personnel and through establishment of educational, research or training institutes. 3. Exploitation of natural resources – A number of underdeveloped countries possess huge mineral resources, which can be exploited for economic development. These countries do not possess the required technical skill and expertise to accomplish this task. As a consequence, they have to depend upon foreign capital to undertake the exploitation of their mineral wealth. 4. Development of entrepreneurship – Many under developed countries suffer from shortage of private entrepreneurs. This creates a limitation in the process of industrialization. Foreign capital undertakes the risk of investment in host countries and thus provides the much-needed impetus to the process of industrialization. Once the process of industrialization gets started with foreign capital, domestic industrial activity also increases through greater local participation. This automatically develops local entrepreneurship. 5. Development of economic infrastructure – The domestic capital in under developed countries is inadequate to build the required level of economic  infra structure. Thus these countries require the assistance of foreign capital to undertake this task. Over the last 50 years, international financial institutions and governments of advanced countries have made substantial capital available to the under developed countries to develop their economic infrastructure in the form of transport and communications systems, generation and distribution of electricity, development of irrigation facilities, etc. The basic intention is to build an economic model for achieving sustainable development. 6. Financing balance of payments deficit – In the initial phase of economic development, under developed countries face larger imports (in the form of machinery, capital goods, industrial raw materials, spares and components), than exports. The deficit in the balance of trade is financed by inflow of foreign capital. The economic development of an underdeveloped country therefore needs foreign capital to initiate its economic development process and sustain it till desired level of stability is reached

Louis XIV and Absolutism Principles

Louis XIV and Absolutism Principles The palace of Versailles is considered to be one of the greatest expressions of European Absolutism. Louis XIV, also known as the Sun King, reigned for 72 years; he is credited for building this monumental palace. Starting in 1661, he transformed a small, quaint hunting lodge into a glittering palace. He drained swamps, built over a village and completely changed the landscape to build one of the most renowned palaces in the world. Thesis Louis XIVs palace of Versailles is a physical and cultural manifestation of the principles of absolutism. Louis XIVs palace embodied the essence of absolutism through its Classicist symbols of power, its sheer size and luxuriousness and through the housing of the nobles on palace grounds. Reason #1: Louis XIVs palace of Versailles is the epitome of the principles of absolutism. As an Absolutist King, Louis XIV was profoundly influenced by Classicism. The influence of Classicism can be seen throughout the palace. These various references to Classicism were meant to reinforce Louis XIVs rule as a strong and centralized authority figure. Reason #2: When Louis XIV moved his court and government to Versailles, he gained more control of the government and the nobility. By keeping potential threats near him, he rendered them powerless. Reason #3: The palace of Versailles sheer size and splendour exhibited Louis XIVs supreme wealth and boasted his power as an absolute monarch. The size and grandeur of the palace sent a message to the people of France and to other leaders that he had complete authority and that no one should dare defy him. Reason #1: As an Absolutist King, Louis XIV was greatly impacted by Classicism. There were various references to Classicism throughout the palace, these references were meant to cement Louis XIVs rule as a strong and centralized figure of authority. The exterior of the palace is considered to have a classical design with Roman columns. The Main Gateway- when people passed through it, they had to pass under a replica of Louis XIVs crown. This served as a constant reminder of his power to all who entered and left Versailles. Louis XIV had a Classicist inspired statue of himself created with the following inscription: World come and see what I see, And what the Sun admires, Rome in one palace, in Paris an Empire, And all the Caesars in one King This engraving on a statue shows Louis XIV belief that he is as strong as Roman Emperors. He also refers to himself as the Sun, which is an allusion to the Greek Sun God Apollo. The Latona Fountain- The fountain tells the story of Apollos mother. This is another indication of Classicism which is what Absolutism was influenced by. His silver throne was 8 feet high; this reinforced the notion that the King was larger than life. Hercules Drawing Room- The room was specifically built to house a Venetian painting. Hercules, who was a Roman demigod, was known for his strength and for making the world safe for mankind. Since Versailles was an embodiment of Louis rule, having a room named after Hercules shows that Louis believed he himself can stand in comparison to Hercules. The Mars Room- The room was originally used to house the guards. Mars was the Roman God of war. Having a room named after Mars depicts Louis XIVs ability to go to war and emerge triumphant Louis XIV also had a very large bronze statue of himself on horseback. He believed that the King and the state were one; this statue all with other art was created to embody that. The Hall of Mirrors- The hall became a symbolic focus of the palace. The walls of the hall housed busts of Roman Emperors. This furthered reinforced Louis XIVs connection to Classicism. Reason #2: When Louis XIV decided to make the palace the new centre for the royal court, he moved his court and the nobles to Versailles. By doing so, he was able to keep an eye out on all nobles and thus preventing them from revolting and maintaining his power. Louis XIV required that nobles of certain standings to spend time at Versailles. This prevented the nobles from developing their own provincial power at the cost of his power. He prevented them from stopping his efforts to centralize the French government and retain absolute authority. There were parts of the palace that were specifically made for housing nobles. All the power of France was centered at Versailles; there were government offices there, the palace acted as the homes of thousands of courtiers. To attract the Louis XIVs attention, the nobles visited the royal residence regularly and observed the rigid rules of conduct the King set out. In return for their constant availability, the nobles were rewarded with royal pensions, living quarters in the palace of Versailles and regular invitations to festivities and ceremonies. Louis XIV was able to draw the nobles favour and keep an eye at them all at once. By holding the nobles at a greater importance than previous Kings had, Louis XIV gave them a sense of service. This sense of service was useful to the kingdom and contributed to control over the nobility, thereby strengthening Louis XIVs absolute authority. Reason #3: The palace of Versailles size and finery exhibited Louis XIVs supreme wealth and boasted his power as an absolute monarch. The palace itself sent a message to the people of France and to other leaders that Louis XIV was in full control. The Park of Versailles has over 2037 acres with over 232 acres of gardens. The palace grounds include over 12 miles of roads, 50 fountains, 67 staircases, 200 000 trees, 6000 paintings, 2100 sculptures, and 6000 pieces of furniture. The palace had a total of 700 rooms. The palace employed nearly 600 people, while housing thousands of courtiers and friends of Louis XIV. The Battle Gallery- The gallery was 120 metres long. It was dedicated to the difference battles fought by the French. These larger than life features of the palace emphasized Louis XIVs power and intimidated any visitors. The Peace Room- It was built to depict France as the arbitrator of peace. The Queen had her own staircase. She even had a whole room in which nobles waited to meet with her. The Royal Chapel- A number of religious ceremonies took place at the chapel. The King and Queen sat at the very top of the chapel. This indicated that they (especially the King) were closer to God making them more important than the rest of the people. Conclusion The palace of Versailles is considered to be one of the greatest expressions of European Absolutism. Louis XIVs palace underwent a transformation from being a small hunting lodge to an extravagant palace the likes of which had never been seen before. The Palace embodied the essence of absolutism through its Classicist symbols of power, its size and luxuriousness and through the housing of the nobles on palace grounds. The palace of Versailles will forever remain an expression of the principles of the Absolutism that dominated the 17th century. CHY4U0- The West and the World How is Louis XIVs palace of Versailles a physical and cultural manifestation of the principles of absolutism? As an Absolute monarch, Louis XIV was significantly influenced by Classicism. There were various references to Classicism throughout the palace of Versailles. These prevalent references were meant to bolster Louis XIVs rule as a strong and centralized leader. The exterior faà §ade of the palace is considered to be inspired by Classicism. The palace includes beautifully crafted Corinthian columns complete with elaborate capitals decorated with acanthus leaves. The Main Gateway that led to the palace had a replica of Louis XIVs crown. The crown served as a constant reminder of his power and presence to all those who entered Versailles. There are also a number of rooms such as the Apollo Room, which compared his powers to that of the Greek and Roman Gods. Louis XIV also had a number of statues of himself in the palace and around palace grounds. These statues along with other forms of artwork were created to embody the Absolutist belief that the King and the state were one. The influenc e of Classicism can be seen throughout the Palace of Versailles; this emphasizes the belief that the palace is a manifestation of Absolutism.

Natures Gems :: essays papers

Natures Gems Desperately gripping the bend with screeching tires I accelerated down the slope toward a secluded lake, my lake. Edging the car over to the side, I wandered down to the water dampening my hand, revelling in the cool fluidity of it, feeling the burden of my conscience being lightened. I sat by its side, tossing stones into it’s willowy depths, watching the ripples slowly radiate from the epicentre. Stripping to the waste I waded out into the lake, the water was cold and refreshing it’s ice tendrils turning my skin a healthy red. I could still feel my hand throbbing from where I’d hit Mary, over and over until she had collapsed in a heap and I had fled the scene. Seeking peace of mind I had fled to the only place I could think of, this lake, this picture of tranquillity, I confessed my sins to it, felt reborn by it’s unspoken forgiveness and relaxed in it’s frosty grip. There would be loose ends to tie up now, for my future happiness I must n ot let this go unfinished. A low rumbling echoed down the hillside road, a sleek car followed by a cloud of dust traced around the bends of the cliff. God damnit he’s going to frighten any game off for miles around with that ruckus, Ruin my entire days hunting will he, well I’m not going home without something to show for it. Hefting my rifle I stalked off through the brush northwards. Pushing some branches aside I was greeted by a sight that wholly unimpressed me, once you’ve seen one, you’ve seen em all†¦ Some may consider this lake to be picturesque, a gem of nature. Not to me. This scene was totally uninspiring, the clam, slowly undulating waters were indifferent to me and me to them. The mountainous surrounds only made me feel more inadequate â€Å"in the great song† making my â€Å"verse† more insignificant. In my eye nature mocked humans and their pitiful achievements, this it the reason I loved to hunt, to kill, to extinguish this subtle mockery wherever I could. I heard a faint rustle to my left, ramming the butt of the rifle into my shoulder I pivoted and pulled the trigger†¦ Mary was down for only a few minutes, but when the stars cleared Harry was gone, the welts on her face were quickly swelling up closing her left eye.

Premature Babies

Premature babies are babies born before 37 weeks. For some babies they are born closer to their due dates and suffer from little to no consequences of being born preterm. Preterm infants is another word for premature that is defined as any infant born before their due date. Where as the term small-for-date refers to babies that are born at the desired due date, but are below the expected weight for the length of time spent in the womb. About 500,00 babies are born prematurely in the United States alone. Many premature babies are forced to spend extended times in hospitals and suffer from health problems that can affect later life. Premature infants need more intensive and immediate care than full term infants to help recovery and survival.Certain activities or health problems put a women at greater risk for having a preterm infant. Some women have no signs that they are going to deliver preterm. Some of the risks of having a preterm infant include multiple births and in vitro fertili zation. Mothers carrying more than one baby have a greater risk of having a their babies born premature or small-to-date. Also women that do not get proper prenatal care put themselves at greater risk to have a preterm infant. Unfortunantley, some women cant afford the prenatal care necessary for the developing fetus or are not educated about behavior needed for a healthy pregnancy. They may not visit their doctor to help monitor the developing fetus and they may not being eating right.Some mothers develop eating disorders because they feel their bodies are changing and they think they are fat or unattractive. These women put their unborn baby in danger because they deprive the infant of the necessary nutrients needed for proper growth and devlopement. Mothers that are overweight or underweight at conception also put their fetus at risk for being premature. Drug use, as in cigarettes and alcohol increase the risk of having a preterm baby, along with having a baby born with illnesses . Cigarettes use during pregnancy increases risks of asthma and difficulties breathing.The more  cigarettes a mother smokes while pregnant, increases the risks, even if the the mother quits in her third trimester of pregnancy she could still reduce the risk of premature birth of her baby and health issues associated with smoking. Mothers who drink alcohol while pregnant increase the risks of premature births along with birth defects that are visible. Babies born to alcoholic parents suffer from Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) which has physical abnormalities and issues with memory, language and communication. Another factor that can increase risk for having a premature infant is illegal drug use.About 4% of expecting mothers in the United States use mood altering drugs , like cocaine and heroin. Babies born from drug using parents are greater at risk for premature birth, breathing diffiiculties, physical defects and death shortly after birth. The infants are born addicted to the subs tance the mother was using and become irritable and stressed when the drug supply from the mother is cut off. Drug use is linked to memory, language and motor development impairment is young childhood and academic issues. High blood pressure and diabetes also increase the risk of having a premature baby.Stress can also bring about a premature birth. For other women, they may have no signs of having a premature baby and don’t engage in any risky behavior during pregnancy , and still deliver babies prematurely. Infants born prematurely need more care after birth to make sure they are able to survive and they have to be accessed for any abnormalities.After birth premature babies are immediately put in incubators to keep the baby’s body temperature warm as they are rushed to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). In the NICU they recieve specialized attention and monitoring to make sure the infant survives. Monitor systems are usually hooked up to baby’s chest to monitor breathing, heart rate, temperature. If the infant is having difficulty breathing, then the nurses in the NICU hook the baby up to a ventilator to help breathing stability. If the baby is weak and unable to breast feed or bottle feed, then IV fluid treatment is used to keep the baby hydrated along with feeding tube insertion.Feeding tubes go through the infants nose and the tube travels to stomach to ensure the nutrients are getting into the infant. Nurses, Doctors and staff in the NICU work around the clock to ensure that babies vitals are stable and the infant  is surviving. Babies born premature and jaundice are placed under bilirubin lights that help the infant break down excess bilirubin that builds up because the liver is not breaking in down. In some cases infants are given medications to help stabilize them.Liquid surfactants are spayed into the lungs to help under developed lungs develop. Antibiotics are given to infants that are at risk of infections or suffering from infections. Medications that increase urine production called duretics are used to help the lungs and circulation. Medications are also given to strenghten breathing and heart rate. Infant’s care is all specified to their particular illness and situation and the staff at the NICU work hard to be able to stabilize the babies for return to their mothers and family. Babies born prematurely require more hospitalization and treatment then babies born normal term.Luckily advances in technology have increased survival in infants born prematurely. The longer the pregnancy, the greater the chance of survival is. The development of new technology and creation of NICU in hospitals allows for proper and better treatment of infants born prematurely. 90% of babies born at 28 weeks survive and more extreme cases or premature babies are surviving with the modern medicine advancements in hospitals. Being born premature can affect future mental, developmental, and behavior problems that a ffect early childhood or become permanent. Doctors have no way of determining how prematurity will affect later development and growth.Premature babies can suffer from health issues upon arrival into the world. Some premature infants develop Apnea. Apnea causes delayed breathing for 20 seconds or more and can also affect heart rate by decreasing it dramatically. Babies with Apnea are closely monitored and hooked up to breathing and monitoring devices to keep track of the infants breathing. Infants born prior to 34 weeks usually do not have fully developed lungs which makes them have Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). In RDS the baby cannot breath properly because they do not have a specific protein called surfactant. Surfactant is a protein that keeps small air sacs in the lungs from collapsing. Infants with RDS are immediatley rushed to NICU and treated.Another lung issue can be bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) which is  when babies have damage or fluid in their lungs. Another health problem is Intraventicular hemorrage (IVH). This is when the infants brain has internal bleeding which normally occurs near the ventricles near the center of the brain. Ventricles are spaces in the brain that are filled with fluid. These babies also need immediate emergency care. Some premature babies suffer from heart issues like Patent ductus arteriosis (PDA). This condition is when the connection between the ductus and the arteriosus is not closed properly causing breathing problems and even heart failure.Intestinal issues are sometimes also prevalent such as Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). This health problem causes a swollen belly and diarrhea and can appear 2 to 3 weeks after birth. Some infants are born anemic and do not have healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to the body. Treatment sometimes involves blood transfusions. Other premature infants are born with jaundice which is when the liver does not function properly and babies are yellow in apperance. Babies are put in the bilirupin light incubators to help control and treat the issue. Premature babies can also be born with multiple infections such as pneumonia, meningtitis and sepsis. Premature babies require more attention then full term healthy babies.Infants born premature are also subject to issues later on in life. Studies show that babies born prematurely are more likely to get lower test scores in math and reading, than babies born full term. A study published in 2011 analyzed long term effects of cognitive abilities such as memory and attention span. In the study the researchers concluded that babies born extremely premature did worse on function test and took more time to complete IQ tests. Also adults that took IQ test scored an average of 8.4 points lowers than adults born full term.Another study conducted that babies born between 22 and 25 weeks where at risk for developing neurological impairments around 4 to 8 years old. In 2012 researchers from the University College London Institute for Women’s health reported that even with advances in technology, the long term of effects of being born prematurely have not changed in the past decades. Advances in technology have increased survival rate in in infants born prematurely, but have not been able to change the issues with cognitive functions and higher risk for particular disorders.Infants born prematurely are more likley to have  weaker immune systems and develop respiratory issues, like asthma. This can be costly for the parents and in some cases lead to early death. Increases in NICU staff and technology have helped the premature babies and decrease many issues that used to be fatal. Unfortunately some issues still arise in later life due to lack of cognitive and physical development at birth. Premature babies need more care than full term babies because they are still fragile and some are barley ready for survival outside of the womb.Premature births occur every day and steps can be taking to decrease the risks, but even with proper prenatal care delivering preterm still can occur. Premature babies need excessive immediate care to help increase survival and decrease disabilities and disadvantages of being born preterm. Premature infants are born under developed and need intensive care to help make sure they are able to develop outside of the womb and survive with the ability to normally function.Doctors and nurses of the NICU work around the clock to help infants born preterm stabalize and to prepare them for transistion in to the real world. Parents and family all eagerly wait for their infants to be able to go home. Preterm infants need more care than full term infants immediatly following deliver due to the fact that preterm infants should still be developing in the womb.

David Hume’s Necessary Connection Essay

Hume questions why humans always make a necessary connection to events. Hume has always stated that it is impossible for humans to think anything that they have not already experienced. So to find the idea of Necessary Connection we have to look back on our impressions. We have to find where the idea of Necessary Connection came from. Hume argues that we cannot create new ideas for ourselves, which solidifies his position on Necessary Connection. Hume has an explanation for this his stand on Necessary Connection. Hume argues that there is cause instead of Necessary Connection. We cannot show the necessity of cause to every new existence without also showing that something’s existence depends on a productive principal. For example we are unable to explain why we are able to move our thumb. We know we can will it to do so but we do not know the process of the action. We are unable to connect all the biological connections such as nerves and impulses from our brain telling certain muscles and tendons to do the action of moving our thumb. Also, since all distinct ideas can be separated, and cause and effect are distinct ideas, we can conceive any object to be non-existent and then existent without attaching causality. This goes back to the ability, or non-ability, of humans to create an idea. There has to be a cause and effect in our minds when an event happens. Now, we go all the way back to the beginning of existence. The separation of the idea of cause from the beginning of existence is possible in the imagination. Hume says that we do not need to associate a cause with the beginning of existence.

St Francis of Assisi essays

St Francis of Assisi essays Saint Francis of Assisi Saint Francis of Assisi was born in Assisi Italy in 1182. Francis was originally named Giovanni Francesco Bernardone and never received a formal education. Instead as the son of a wealthy merchant Francis led a worldly and carefree life He found his way into a battle between Assisi and Perugia and was captured and held as a prisoner for over a year While a prisoner Francis developed a severe illness It was during this ilness that Francis decided to alter his way of life When well enough Francis returned to Assisi He performed charities among the less fortunate and restored damaged churches These actions caused Francis father to reject him being a man who put money above all else Francis then gave all of his possessions to his father and devoted his time to caring for outcasts and lepers of Mount Subasio Francis also restored the ruined church of Santa Maria degli Angeli He held mass there for the outcasts that were not allowed in the other churchesone day during mass Francis heard a voice telling him to go into the world and to possess nothing but do good everywhere Doing just that Francis found himself preaching in Assisi later in the year He gathered about him twelve disciples who became the brothers of the First Order of Franciscans, with Francis as their superior Francis later accepted a young woma Clare into The Franciscan Order She went on to establish the Order of the Poor Ladies which later became known as the Second Order of Franciscans Francis attempted to travel to the Holy Land in 1212 but did not make it His missionary work in the late 1210s was anything but successful He was able to reach the Holy Land in 1220 He wanted to become a martyr and was proud to hear that five Franciscan friars were murdered while carrying out their duties He returned to Assisi to find dissension in the ranks of the friars He resigned as their...

Free Essays on Review Of Madame Bovary

, appearance, and fantasies are those of an innocent and beautiful wife, her sprit becomes foul and cor... Free Essays on Review Of Madame Bovary Free Essays on Review Of Madame Bovary There are many different stylistic elements used throughout the novel Madame Bovary written by Gustave Flaubert. Flaubert uses techniques such as detailed descriptions, symbolism, and others. These techniques are important in analyzing the novel of Madame Bovary as a whole and in understanding the several themes and motifs. In the analytical essay â€Å"A Pox on Love: Diagnosing Madame Bovary’s Blind Beggar,† author Mary Donaldson-Evans explores the relationship between Gustave Flaubert’s â€Å"preoccupation with language and penchant for the medical metaphor†(3). In particular, she investigates Fluebert’s most perplexing allegorical character, the blind beggar. Within her essay Evans proposes to substantiate the beggar’s role by â€Å"pinpoint[ing] the beggar’s position [with]in the complex network of relationships connecting the characters†(4). Evans’ review of the beggar’s emblematic significance to the story’s characters and themes gives a more in-depth revelation of Emma’s tragedy. Through her analysis of the biographical and historical data of France during the 18th century, diagnosis of the beggar’s illness, and illumination of his relation to Flaubert’s linguistic project, Evans presents a unique perspective on Flaubert’s writing style, and stances on the various political, social, and religious values of France during the 19th century. For Evans, the blind beggar represents a picture of physical decay. He is also the deformed, repulsive creature who, throughout the book, symbolizes Emma’s moral corruption. He sings songs about â€Å"birds and sunshine and green leaves† in a voice â€Å"like inarticulate lament of some vague despair†(Flaubert 76). This coupling of innocence with disease relates to the combination of beauty and corruption that Emma herself has become. While her words, appearance, and fantasies are those of an innocent and beautiful wife, her sprit becomes foul and cor...

Challenges of Mixing Methods and Methodologies

Inventory flow management is considered as one of the most critical and costly aspect of supply chain management. The companies are rigorously trying to balance the cost of inventory so that it is able to fulfill customer requirements. Storing to many stocks increases the cost of warehouses and attaches with the capital further it also causes loss to vendors if in any case there is a drop in demand. When there is very less or no inside available in the inventory upstream, downstream retailers, manufacturers and distributors cannot give commitment for huge orders with guaranty apart from that these people will also not be able to deliver proper forecast. Inventory management is usually considered as a very dynamic and flexible system which is very sensitive towards parameters of cost and it is been developing throughout years. It is also termed parlance management because supply chain managements deals with material flow control from the raw materials suppliers at one end and delivery of finished goods to the consumers at the other end. The most of these techniques are usually dependent of scientific principles further it's based on mathematical and theories of probability. The inventory management is responsible for various activities like marketing, purchasing, production and other techniques so that it can balance the conflicting tools (Bhasin , 2016) This system is responsible to provide knowledge to manage the flow of materials in an efficient manner, utilize people and equipment effectively and coordinate internal activities. The well managed inventory flow management demonstrates that the customers receive the goods efficiently in proper time. It further allows the members of the team to match the inventory with consumer's demand .Apart from that it is mandatory to meet the objectives of the system including capacity, profitability and productivity. There is some of the basic inventory terms listed:-Cycle stock-It is the basic amount of material required in order to meet the demands of the customer. Transit Stock-It is the reroute among the locations which carry the stock. Speculative Stock-It is basically the extra amount of raw materials required to meet the high consumer needs. It is different than normal short term demand. Safety Stock- It is the extra amount of stock in excess of the cycle stock which is usually maintaine d to compensate the uncertainties of the growing demand and substitution.It can also be expressed through a fixed amount (Coca Cola Journey , 2017) The inventory stock management has a good match with demand and supply further replenishing the requirement of inventory. Various operations such as transporting, manufacturing and warehousing; all these are responsible to generate imbalances in the system which finally gives rise to inventory management especially in FMCG industries. Errors in predicting the consumer demand generally impact the production of the product been produced in the plant. Apart from that changes related to promotional and seasonal impact the consumer demand for any particular product. Hence in these case shortages of the inventory further generate imbalances in the entire system. For eg:- shortage of labor, shortage of transportation.raw materials shortage and capacity of manufacturing constraints ; these all are generally responsible for inventory shortage and the company in such cases is unable to meet demands of the customers (Cahan, 2003) One of the most important parameter of shortage of inventory is scheduling. There are basically three kinds of scheduling problems in the FMCG industries:-First the schedule can be inadequate, second the schedule is not carried out in a proper manner and third the schedule can be disturbed by unexpected scenarios such as bad conditions of weather or breaking of equipments. The efficient inventory management will be trading off the conflicts of operations and constraints of inventory so that it can aim for an effective compromise that maintains enough inventories to meet customer demand yet covers variation in the forecast (Floyd & Fowler, 2009) Inventory is very crucial and it very much mandatory but there are other expenditures associated with the same; and the expenditures increases with the increase in levels of inventory generally when indirect and direct cost is indulged. The bigger the inventory, the higher is the possibility of loss by damage, obsolescence, aging and theft. A bigger inventory can result into inefficient handling. It is always recommended to spend ample amount of time in re-warehousing, double handling and stock rotating through man-hours which may have be crucial for some other task. It is very common factor in FMCG industries to carry manufacturing cost of 25% out of the total amount of funds allocated for inventories. Sometimes the expenditure allocated for inventories can be used elsewhere according to the latest requirement of the industry. Thus it is important for the operations to carry out enough inventories so that it can be always updated with its stock so that shortage scenarios can be avoi ded (Green, 2011) The principle of inventory management states that the industrial plant has good amount of production flexibility and capacity and enough area for storage. The basic quantity required for scheduling and planning the receipt of ingredients, raw materials and supplies packaging must be taken into consideration when estimating and calculating finished product requirement, certain patterns of demand , seasonal swings and activities related to promotional might need pre production specific SKU's in order to avoid capacity of production at bottlenecks. But whenever there is pre production of goods there might be less capacity of storage in the production area. In these scenarios there is a shifting of inventory to the distributing centers based on estimated demands. One needs to note that if the required facility has much capacity of constraints or an unbalanced infrastructure then it's mandatory for the team of management to modify the basic inventory process principle (Helfat & Martin, 20 14) The FMCG industries basically need to be proactive in nature for product recall. The earlier model of business required traceability from individual stores to distribution centers. The recent survey conducted on approximate 48 industries in FMCG sector states that the primary cause for installing an automated control system and material tracking system is to get real time visibility and accuracy of inventory so that it can efficiently track and trace the system of inventory. Further the report stated that 52 percent of the industries now use bar coded labels so that they can keep a track on their raw materials, goods finished and progress of work. In order to monitor raw materials, finished goods in the current scenario; it is mandatory to avoid accidental shifting of materials. To work in the real ambience the companies require the industry need to instantaneously hold the inventories either on SKU's real time expiration control of inventories .This can prevent the expired inventory allocation from entering the other processes .Hence resulting in downfall in distribution chain (Hutchison & Boxall, 2014) The aim of inventory flow management is to match demand with supply on regular time .There are two main methods to manage the flow of inventory most frequently termed as production push and warehouse pull. Production push is regarded as one of the most traditional technique whereas warehouse pull is the new one. At times the system of pull is much suitable to the requirements of the distribution network and beverage industry as it the exact consumer demand the basis for substituting inventory. But for satisfying the demands of the consumers without further interruption a certain quantity of inventory must be send out of the door. In this case the production pull system works very well. Both distribution and production push works very well (Lislie,   2011) In the inventory management production push process the periodic demand estimation is often converted into the production plan and a production schedule. Further the process of push production is further converted into transportation schedule which allocate the amount for transporting to each and every distribution center based on each forecast. In the production push process, the facilities with respect to the production or other elements involving centralized planning generally control and manage the movement of inventory within its distribution centers and location. The push process is generally introduced in the processes during periods of promotion, when the products are supposed to push out of the production area on assigning basis. In the inventory management warehouse pull process, demand forecast is also responsible for the plan of production and modification in schedule of production   on the basis of inventory substitution taking into account distribution center (Metcalf e, 2002) The system of pull in inventory flow management deals with responding to consumer's demand. Here the consumer is considered as a important factor while deciding the requirement, location and amount of SKU's. The push process generally sends out the materials based on the forecasted demands of the market or blanket allocation. The pull system sends out the materials on the basis of the demands of the distribution centers which are directly dependents on consumer's demand. The pull process works under right time principle so that it can conduct quick and frequent flow of info and goods. The cost cutting is usually maintained by replacing waste such as inventory which stays too long or huge amount of safety stocks. The pull system functions better than pull system as it is able to operate and deal with all the complex scenarios of beverage industry by using the technology at optimal level. The pull system of the inventory management is combined with scheduling of production and planning of resource it facilitates the matching of supplies with the actual customer demands within the supply chain again the reversal of planning information from consumers to suppliers (Randolf, 2009) The FMCG industries are making a drastic change by shifting from push system management to pull system inventory management. At the same time there are various factors involved which will lead to success of pull system in future. On primarily basis the industry should have a general knowledge about the pull system .It employees should have a basic idea on operation and estimation during the entire process (Austin & Seitanidi,   2012.) Secondly it's important for the cross over to have a proper commitment by the team of management and prior support by members in the senior management. Thirdly there should be introduction of performance parameters so that it can be established within the line of objectives in supply chain management .Fourth, all the locations should have timely and accurate info about the demands and quantities of inventory management. Fifth, an accurate estimating and forecasting system should be established and the sales and operation tem should be liable to it equally. Sixth, parameters of operations such as lead times, cycle times, and capacities are often required to understand production, warehousing and transport. Seventh, it is mandatory to have accurate info and good communication to solve the complexity of business by indulging software system and finally transportation is required for scheduling the systems (Finegan, 2001) The main preference of all the employees in the FMCG distribution and manufacturing is to satisfy the demands of the consumer for production. Controlling and monitoring the inventory is done in order to match the consumer's demand by scheduling the transportation and productions in a way which can decrease the usage of resources in a complex and constant balance. In order to manage the shifting of materials throughout the entire distribution centers and processing unit they usually develop the ability to meet the changing demands of business. This is further integrated with right policies, system and production. The management of processes and technology are usually done on the basis industrial practices and further by effective achieving the balance of inventory flow management. This leads to a company's success in today's challenging time. Managing the entire material transportation efficiently throughout the processing tenure and distribution of proper Inventory management is a crucial part of the "Seamless tube "within any respective FMCG company. The common focus of this sector is on customer satisfaction. The main goal of this sector is to produce good quality goods at nominal rates further packaged and delivered according to the latest demands of the consumers. Proper management of the inventory flow management ensures that every customer and supplier has uninterrupted delivery of delicious and fresh products of the FMCG company. This is also regarded as the greatest form of service delivered to customers. The enti re inventory management basically works on this fundamental. Bhasin , H ., 2016.Marketing strategy of Coca cola – Coca cola marketing strategy. [Online]Available at: https://www.marketing91.com/marketing-strategy-of-coca-cola/ [Accessed 5 November 2017] Coca Cola Journey. , 2017 . Sustainiblity .[Online] Available at: https://www.coca-colacompany.com/sustainability [Accessed 4 April 2017] Cahan, J., 2003. Mini-lecture on writing a critique- effective acade. [Online] Available at: https://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/b/j/bjj6/ENGL015-2001Critique.html [Accessed 4 April 2017]. Floyd, J. & Fowler, J., 2009. Survey Research Methods. 4th ed. Nashville: SAGE. Green, R.R. et al., 2011. Management matters in New Zealand: How does manufacturing measure up? Wellington.: Ministry of Economic Development Ministry of Economic Development. Helfat, C.E. & Martin, J.A., 2014. Dynamic Managerial Capabilities: Review and Assessment of Managerial Impact on Strategic Change. Journal of Management, 41(5), pp.1281-312. Hutchison, A. & Boxall, P., 2014. The critical challenges facing New Zealand’s chief executives: implications for management skills. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 52, pp.23-41. Lislie, J.D., 2011. THE BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF MIXING METHODS AND METHODOLOGIES:Lessons Learnt From Implementing Qualitatively Led Mixed Methods Research Designs in Trinidad and Tobago. Caribbean Curriculum, 18, pp.87-120. Metcalfe, M., 2002. Preparing a critique of an article: Using argument as an inquiry. [Online] Available at: https://godot.unisa.edu.au/register/articles/5.doc [Accessed 4 April 2017]. Purdue University, 2016. WRITING A THESIS STATEMENT. [Online] Available at: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/print/general/gl_thesis.html [Accessed 4 April 2017]. Randolf, J.J., 2009. A Guide to Writing the Dissertation Literature Review. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 13, p.14. Austin, J.E. & Seitanidi, M.M., 2012. Collaborative value creation: A review of partnering between nonprofits and businesses: Part I. Value Creation Spectrum and Collaboration Stages. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, pp.726-58. Finegan, J., 2001. The impact of personal values on judgments of ethical behaviour in the workplace. Journal of business ethics, 13(9), pp.747-55. ICAEW, 2011. Code of Ethics C. [Online] Available at: https://www.icaew.com/en/membership/regulations-standards-and-guidance/ethics/code-of-ethics-c [Accessed 4 April 2017]. Mc Devitt, R. & Van Hise, J., 2002. Influences in Ethical Dilemmas of Increasing Intensity. Journal of Business Ethics, 40(3), pp.261-74. Stanga, K.G. & Turpen, R.A., 1991. Ethical judgments on selected accounting issues: An empirical study. Journal of Business Ethics, 10(10), pp.739-47. Porter, M.E. 2008, 'The five competitive forces that shape strategy'. Grà ¼nig, R. & Gaggl, R. 2005, Process-based strategic planning, Springer Science & Business Media.

Crytical Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Crytical Analysis - Research Paper Example Later on due to its popularity the short story was published in Best American Short Stories in 1982. Raymond Carver was a writer par excellence who believed in being minimal. Prior to writing â€Å"Cathedral† Raymond was a writer who followed the minimalist style. He believed firmly that less was more. Raymond Carver wrote three collections of short stories which followed minimalism theme. Post that he changed his style and wrote one of the best works of his career. â€Å"Cathedral† was an immaculate piece which gained popularity among the reading masses quickly. Due to its fame â€Å"Cathedral† is ranked among one of the best short stories of American literature (Werlock, 2000, p.g. 124). The story is a representative of postmodernism and minimalism. This means the short story’s plot, characters and language are shortened down to central features (Stefanescu, 2008, p.g. 1). â€Å"Cathedral† is told by a first-person narrator. The narrator a young man who begrudges the visit of an old friend of his wife. The friend is a blind man for whom the wife once read. The short story started with a situation in which the narrator and his wife await the arrival of someone. That someone is the narrator’s wife’s old friend Robert who is a blind man. Raymond Carver described the emotions and anger of the husband quite beautifully with his craft of writing. The short story starts with a couple waiting for someone. A blind man by the name of Robert is an old acquaintance of the narrator’s wife. The blind man has recently gone through a catastrophic situation in which he lost his wife Beluah. From the onset of the story the narrator comes across as being unexcited about his wife’s friend. The narrator also has a prejudiced nature against blind individuals. The narrator unfolds the story and tells the readers how his wife and Robert became friends. The narrator with a heavy heart describes that they both worked together. The narrator’s wife use

Lombardi's Italian Grill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lombardi's Italian Grill - Essay Example Although Monica has proved to be a competent manager, her competence is not fully reflected in the business. This is because the business is experiencing slow growth resulting from reduced sales. The case study also indicates that Monica has identified the problems in her strategies (Perreault, Cannon, and McCarthy 65). After identifying the weakness in her strategies, Monica is considering making some improvements to increase her sales. Monica’s business is doing better than average although it has not achieved perfection. The need to change her immediate marketing strategy indicates that her business is not doing according to her expectation. The need to adopt new strategies also indicates that her sales are below her target. Monica is currently operating under a moderate marketing strategy. This is because the strategy lacks sufficient tools and hence it is incompetent. However, her current strategy is in accordance with the four P’s of management (Perreault, Cannon and McCarthy 25). Monica located her restaurant in a strategic position that is convenient to the customers. The restaurant is located in a strip mall that is next to a major highway. Monica also conducts her business in accordance with the second P of management. This is because she ensures that all her food items are sold at a moderate price to all customers. In the beginning, Monica used to buy a three-quarter page in the local dailies to promote Lombardi Grill and its products. Although Monica had acknowledged the need to advertise her products, she did not use an appropriate media. Monica could have advertised her products on the radio in order to reach many people. The main customer of her food products are the local people and therefore the business could have done better with a direct sales approach and a Monica considered several strategies that she could have applied in order to improve the performance of her business. Joining a franchise chain was one of her possible development strategies.

Analyse relations of power among actors in a supply chain of your Essay

Analyse relations of power among actors in a supply chain of your choice - Essay Example A supply chain involves all processes that receive and fulfill the customer request. The functions of a supply chain include marketing, operation, product development, distribution, customer service and finance. This paper seeks to analyze the relations of power among actors in the Wal-Mart supply chain. The success of a business lies in the management of the actors involved in the supply chain. This results in the achievement of improved value to consumers. The most profound challenge in a supply chain is the challenge of wastage. The Wal-Mart supply chain is committed to deliver exceptional value to customers. The management of the supply chain is committed to constructing an efficient and responsive supply chain by harmonizing the relations of power among the actors within it. The market place develops a competition of supply chains (Sehgal 2011). The strategic approach to the supply chain is to ensure the activities within the players are harmonized. The strategic approach to Wal -Mart supply chain The company has invested in core-competences among the players in the supply chain. Wal-Mart is estimated to have 90, 000 suppliers. About 200 of them are global suppliers e.g. Nestle, Kraft, Unilever and P&G. The actors of the supply chain face competition when passing value to the consumers (Dicker 2005). The companies are expected to deliberate on their role in the Wal-Mart supply chain. ... Wal-Mart supply chain actors have constructed strategies that allow them to remain competitive. Wal-Mart is committed to finding its competitive advantage and outsourcing the non-core competencies. There are several functions done by multiple firms which are linked to the success of the supply chain. The supply chain is developed upon these strategic links (Seifert 2003). However, the fragmentation of the production process for Wal-Mart has increased the pressure for centralized coordination. The firm has an international present and is expanding to new markets. The supply chain must add value to the firm (Fishman 2006). The management of the Wal-Mart supply chain has recognized that the real competition is not between companies within the supply chain. Rather, it is the competition between supply chains (Dicker 2005). Therefore, Wal-Mart pays attention to the quality and competence of the players within the supply chain. The Wal-Mart retailers, suppliers and transporters work to ens ure that the process of chain execution is flawless, smooth to give the firm a competitive advantage. Research indicates that the company that manages its supply chain with excellence wins the largest market share. Importance of power and theory in supply chains Wal-Mart actors Power can be defined as the ability for a company to own and control resources and assets within supply chains and markets to ensure sustainability in accumulation of value and leveraging the other actors. The practitioners in the Wal-Mart supply chain must identify the most appropriate context before executing a plan. The modern business is changing from appropriating value for oneself to a commitment to passing value to the consumers. In Wal-Mart the supply chain commences

A Review of lloyd and Craig 2007 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Review of lloyd and Craig 2007 - Essay Example The following review examines Lloyd and Craig's (2007) framework and provides an evaluation of its proposed benefits. Summary of Article According to Lloyd and Craig (2007), taking a patient history is "arguably the most important aspect of patient assessment." Because of the continually expanding role of nurses, the need exists to expand their assessment skills as well. In this article, Lloyd and Craig provide a detailed framework for conducting a patient history assessment. First, Lloyd and Craig believe it is important to prepare the environment so that it is properly equipped, safe, free of distractions, and allows the patient to feel comfortable. Second, nurses must practice effective communication in order to enhance trust and obtain the most accurate information from the patient. Nurses can use both verbal and non-verbal cues to signify interest and empathy for the patient. Finally, consent is essential and nurses must obtain some form of informed consent by the patient or pat ient's surrogates before proceeding with the assessment. Lloyd and Craig then outline the history-taking process and illustrate the importance of maintaining some form of order when asking questions. Questions should begin in an open-ended format in order to generate conversation and obtain a large amount of information. Nurses can then follow up with closed questions to receive more detail about a particular point of concern. Lloyd and Craig draw on the Calgary Cambridge framework for structuring the consultation. This model proposes five stages of history taking, including: (a) explanation and planning; (b) aiding accurate recall and understanding; (c) achieving a shared understanding; (d) planning through shared decision making; and (e) closing the consultation. This model provides a systematic order to guide nurses' assessment-taking. While Lloyd and Craig advocate following an order, these authors also highlight the importance of following the natural flow of conversation. Simp ly reading off a checklist of questions seems mechanical and impersonal, and can prevent the patient from wanting to reveal personal information. Therefore, Lloyd and Craig suggest using their framework as a practical reference, and not a step-by-step operations manual. Lloyd and Craig also provide examples of behaviors to avoid while conducting a patient history assessment. Examples of such behaviors include giving advice, interrupting, using defensive responses, jumping to conclusions, and several more. Improper interview techniques can disrupt communication and trust, and ultimately hinder the nurse's ability to treat the patient. Respect for each patient's individuality and rights as a human being is a critical component of most nursing associations' codes of ethics. Finally, Lloyd and Craig include examples of key points to remember in the history assessment, including family and occupation history, drug and alcohol use, sexual history, and family and social history. These can be difficult questions to ask and patients may not always feel comfortable answering them. Therefore, effective communication and establishing a positive rapport with the patient is vital to the consultation. At the same time, these difficult questions reflect the importance o

Solve equations and word problems Speech or Presentation

Solve equations and word problems - Speech or Presentation Example Thomas had a checking account there for 8 months and was charged $53.10 in service charges. How many checks did he write during that period? Geometry; Dave and Jane wells have a new rectangular driveway. The perimeter of the driveway is 168 feet. The length is 12 feet longer than three times the width. What are the dimensions of the driveway? Geometry; a leather coin purse has the shape of a triangle Two sides are equal in length and the third side is 3 centimeters shorter than one and one-half times the length of the equal sides. The perimeter is 28.5 centimeters. Find the lengths of the sides Health Club Memberships: In 2006, the number of Americans who were members of a health club was 42.7 million. This was an increase of 106% from the number of health club members in 1990. How many Americans were health club members in 1990?(Source: www.emaxhealt h.com) The Clarke family went sailing on a lake. Their boat averaged 6 kilometres per hour. The Rourke family took their outboard runabout for a trip on the lake for the same amount of time. Their boat averaged 14 kilometres per hour. The Rourke family travelled 20 kilometres farther than the Clarke Family. How many hours did each family spend on their boat

Analyse relations of power among actors in a supply chain of your Essay

Analyse relations of power among actors in a supply chain of your choice - Essay Example A supply chain involves all processes that receive and fulfill the customer request. The functions of a supply chain include marketing, operation, product development, distribution, customer service and finance. This paper seeks to analyze the relations of power among actors in the Wal-Mart supply chain. The success of a business lies in the management of the actors involved in the supply chain. This results in the achievement of improved value to consumers. The most profound challenge in a supply chain is the challenge of wastage. The Wal-Mart supply chain is committed to deliver exceptional value to customers. The management of the supply chain is committed to constructing an efficient and responsive supply chain by harmonizing the relations of power among the actors within it. The market place develops a competition of supply chains (Sehgal 2011). The strategic approach to the supply chain is to ensure the activities within the players are harmonized. The strategic approach to Wal -Mart supply chain The company has invested in core-competences among the players in the supply chain. Wal-Mart is estimated to have 90, 000 suppliers. About 200 of them are global suppliers e.g. Nestle, Kraft, Unilever and P&G. The actors of the supply chain face competition when passing value to the consumers (Dicker 2005). The companies are expected to deliberate on their role in the Wal-Mart supply chain. ... Wal-Mart supply chain actors have constructed strategies that allow them to remain competitive. Wal-Mart is committed to finding its competitive advantage and outsourcing the non-core competencies. There are several functions done by multiple firms which are linked to the success of the supply chain. The supply chain is developed upon these strategic links (Seifert 2003). However, the fragmentation of the production process for Wal-Mart has increased the pressure for centralized coordination. The firm has an international present and is expanding to new markets. The supply chain must add value to the firm (Fishman 2006). The management of the Wal-Mart supply chain has recognized that the real competition is not between companies within the supply chain. Rather, it is the competition between supply chains (Dicker 2005). Therefore, Wal-Mart pays attention to the quality and competence of the players within the supply chain. The Wal-Mart retailers, suppliers and transporters work to ens ure that the process of chain execution is flawless, smooth to give the firm a competitive advantage. Research indicates that the company that manages its supply chain with excellence wins the largest market share. Importance of power and theory in supply chains Wal-Mart actors Power can be defined as the ability for a company to own and control resources and assets within supply chains and markets to ensure sustainability in accumulation of value and leveraging the other actors. The practitioners in the Wal-Mart supply chain must identify the most appropriate context before executing a plan. The modern business is changing from appropriating value for oneself to a commitment to passing value to the consumers. In Wal-Mart the supply chain commences

Solve equations and word problems Speech or Presentation

Solve equations and word problems - Speech or Presentation Example Thomas had a checking account there for 8 months and was charged $53.10 in service charges. How many checks did he write during that period? Geometry; Dave and Jane wells have a new rectangular driveway. The perimeter of the driveway is 168 feet. The length is 12 feet longer than three times the width. What are the dimensions of the driveway? Geometry; a leather coin purse has the shape of a triangle Two sides are equal in length and the third side is 3 centimeters shorter than one and one-half times the length of the equal sides. The perimeter is 28.5 centimeters. Find the lengths of the sides Health Club Memberships: In 2006, the number of Americans who were members of a health club was 42.7 million. This was an increase of 106% from the number of health club members in 1990. How many Americans were health club members in 1990?(Source: www.emaxhealt h.com) The Clarke family went sailing on a lake. Their boat averaged 6 kilometres per hour. The Rourke family took their outboard runabout for a trip on the lake for the same amount of time. Their boat averaged 14 kilometres per hour. The Rourke family travelled 20 kilometres farther than the Clarke Family. How many hours did each family spend on their boat

Happiness Essay Example for Free

Happiness Essay Happiness, rather than working hard, is the key to success, according to research published today. Cheerful people are more likely to try new things and challenge themselves, which reinforces positive emotion and leads to success in work, good relationships and strong health, say psychologists. The findings suggest that happiness is not a feelgood luxury, but is essential to peoples wellbeing. What is more, happiness can also extend across an entire nation, with people in happy nations being more likely to have pro-democratic attitudes and a keenness to help others. The link between happiness and success was investigated by a team from the University of California Riverside, led by Professor Sonja Lyubomirsky. First, they analysed questionnaires that ask people about multiple aspects of their lives. For example, they show that happy people tend to earn higher incomes, said Prof Lyubomirsky. Having established the link, they wanted to discover the cause. Almost always it has been assumed that things that correlate with happiness are the causes of happiness, but it could be just the opposite that those things tend to be caused by happiness, said Professor Ed Diener from the University of Illinois, another author on the paper. Other studies revealed that having a sunny outlook on life appeared to precede good fortune. There was strong evidence that happiness leads people to be more sociable and more generous, more productive at work, to make more money, and to have stronger immune systems, said Prof Lyubomirsky. Meanwhile, experimental studies showed that an instant injection of high-spirits could generate success. Inducing a happy effect leads people to make more money in a computer simulation. The research shows that while success can put a spring in someones step, people need happiness in the first place to achieve success. According to the study, around four out of five people in modern industrialised nations are happy at any one time. Success was not just about earning lots of money. We define success as obtaining the things that culture or society values, whether it be friends, close family, money and income, or longevity, said Prof Diener. However, sorrowful people are not condemned to a life of failure. Our work suggests that sad people should try to increase the frequency of positive emotions in their lives by doing things that make them feel happy, even temporarily, said Prof Lyubomirsky, whose research is published in the Psychological Bulletin today. But there is a caveat: your happiness boosters should not be dangerous, like driving fast, or counter-productive, like eating lots of chocolate. If you can raise your spirits, the benefits can be manifold. Happy people are more likeable and more sociable. They are also better able to cope with stress and likely to be healthier and live longer. Nor is happiness just an individual pursuit. Happy nations, full of happy people, are more likely to be successful than unhappy nations. People in happy nations trust others more and want to cooperate with their neighbours, said Prof Diener. Governments could keep a smile on their citizens faces by ensuring safety and stability. Although nations cannot live peoples lives and force them to be happy, they can create conditions for example, parks, reasonable weekly work hours, a health infrastructure, and good transportation that influence peoples happiness, he added. For governments and individuals alike, it seems, happiness is more than just a hedonistic pleasure.

Cascade Of Service Delivery Options Education Essay

Cascade Of Service Delivery Options Education Essay The basic signal behind IDEA was to enable the disable to have equivalent access to education. It enables protection of the rights of disabled kids, their parents, and over all education of these families in United States. There are six main components of the original 1975 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The first is Entitlements and Allocations and this component provided the plan in order to implement the program. The Eligibility was the second component that provided the regulations for schools in order to implement IDEA. This Eligibility contributed more to the regulations of schools. Third is Application which is about uses and applications of cash within the program. This was also the essential component of IDEA. The Fourth component was Procedure and Safeguards that offered safeguards for almost everyone under project and hence this component protected the projects. Fifth component was the Evaluation evaluates students entering the program and the final and sixth component deals with the Payments. The sixth component focused the certain proposal. There can be several types of interventions in the system to aid disabled children in getting education and training. Pre-referral interventions were used to make the outline and facilities to students in order to reduce the stress of students. There can be several types of interventions in the system to aid disabled children in getting education and training. IDEA ensures that the child receives an appropriate, inclusive, multidisciplinary evaluation and assessment.   Multidisciplinary is the evaluation group that evaluates childrens speech and skills. Norm-referenced interventions help evaluate student skills and class using normal distribution methodology. Criterion-referenced tests benefit when comparing the performance to a set standard criteria. It helps find if the student has the special skill set or the knowledge required. IDEA The  Individuals with Disabilities Education Act is abbreviation of a law that summarizes rights and regulations of the disabled students needing special education in the U.S. This law enables all disabled children to a  Free Appropriate Public Education in the  Least-Restrictive Environment (What is I.D.E.A.? 2010).and also this law provided the refute services and other facilities to the development of children. Components OF IDEA 1975 (PL 94-142) There were six key components in original IDEA 1975. The first component Entitlements and Allocations guides the states how to apply the IDEA program. This Entitlement and Allocations provided the details to students in order to gather the implemented program assistance. The second component is the Eligibility that defined the instructions for the schools to work out this program and they must have this program in definite specific dates for the disabled students of specific ages (Protecting Students with Disabilities, n.d.). Program guided the children by means of delivering the requirements and implementing the services for the implemented projects or program. It likewise states that the government is liable for providing all these propositions to the children. The third component is about monetary aspects where its first part deals with uses of money and the applications in program (Mauro, 2012). Second part is about assurances that services and money are all the public property and the third part facts the exchange of the info. State educational agencies are required to provide the details of the disabled students who expected the services. The fourth component Procedures and Safeguards protects every one contributing in IDEA program. This permits the parents along with the guardians to for interpreting the accounts of students thats why children can get the guaranteed rights. Procedures and systems are followed by Evaluation, the fifth component and finally there is sixth component Payments that required the Commissioner to provide certain proposals in script for evaluation by the Committee, representatives and the board on Labor and Public Welfare of the Senate. PL 99-457 Key Components This reauthorization enables any disabled child for getting the early intervention programs. It allows the babies, infants and their families with an adapted family facility plan. These effects mostly focused on the children with certain disabilities. It is first reauthorization of Act after 1975 for the improved care of the schooling of the infants and babies having definite problems. PL 101-476 Key Components Second alteration was made in 1990 called PL 101-476. It mainly focused in switching the word handicapped with the term disabled. This augmented the privacy level of such disabled students. This plan also implemented several facilities in order to make the satisfaction to students. Consequently the schooling level of such pupils will be impressively improved. This key component influenced more on handicapped students effectively. PL-105-17 Key Components This was the essential action that helped to the handicapped students by resolving the educational problems. It was the third action plan telling that the parents will have the rights to resolve the educational matters for their disabled kids. It helps stay informed about routine of their child thus enabling parents to get regular notifications and participate in mediation. PL- IDEA 2004: PL 108-446 Key Components This amendment of PL 108-446 was made in the year 2004. This amendment is based on first time tutoring services for the disabled children. This amendment also focused on the disabled students demanding help for doing their education. Hence these disabled children can be motivated. Thus the disabled students will be benefitted away from their educational agencies. This will also offer more flexibility and control over the education of the disabled students. Pre-referral interventions Pre-referral interventions are for parents that know that their child is stressed in school. Pre-referral interventions outline a number of facilities and programs that may be there to benefit these children prosper before they are appraised for special education (Cortiella, 2012). MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAM IDEA necessitates a disabled child should receive an appropriate, inclusive, multidisciplinary evaluation and assessment.  The objective of the evaluation and assessment is to find out the nature of disabled childs strengths, interruptions, difficulties, and if he/she qualifies for early intervention facilities (What is a multidisciplinary evaluation and assessment? n.d.). Multidisciplinary is the evaluation group made up of capable people with different areas of training and experience so that they know about childrens speech and skills. Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced tests This test provided the contribution to students by means of delivering higher ranking. The results are often depiction of normal distribution that requires a few topers and a few failures. The majority of the class however lies in the middle of the evaluation report (Danielle, 2008). The Norm-referenced tests are designed to compare the performance of one student with that of the other and this technique helps in ranking of the students. On the other hand, Criterion-referenced tests help compare the performance to criteria set earlier. It also helped for determining if the student has the special skill set or the knowledge required (Danielle, 2008). Individualized Education Plan The individualized education program assists disabled students to succeed in their educational endeavors. It describes the aims the team sets for a kid during the school year, along with any special sustenance needed to help reach them (Mauro, 2012). Hence this plan helped to the handicapped or disabled students to come back effectively. Cascade of service delivery options Cascade of service delivery guides the placement options for disabled students along the education field. It is opposite to least restrictive environment concept that guides to students an inclusive environment. This service delivery option was used to promote the educational fields of children. CONCLUSION IDEA offers legal guidelines and protections for disabled children, their families and schools to guarantee their right to a free and suitable public education (Protecting Students with Disabilities, n.d.). Law states that children with disabilities must not be starved of the same chances offered to everyone else; everybody gets right of entry to public education and consequently so should children with disabilities. Hence the children with disabilities as well as their parents must be facilitated so that they can achieve a better destiny having themselves equipped with proper education and training.

The Re-Creation of a Young Roman Girl Essay examples -- Rome Culture T

The Re-Creation of a Young Roman Girl At seven years old this young, upper-class1 Roman girl, daughter of a prominent political figure, is posing for a portrait of her face. Her father is demanding her whole family have one done so that everyone can see their family displayed for years to come. As predicted by her father, Roman art historians are very interested in these portraits and the past they represent. In 1998 this bust is a rare and exceptional find among art collectors. This portrait is now one of twenty-one sculptures found in the Riley Collection of Roman Portrait Sculpture at the Cedar Rapids Museum of Art. This portrait is rare, first because it is a portrait of a child, and second because it is portrait of a young girl. Children were often exposed in ancient Rome, especially young girls. The reasons for exposure are probably monetary. Poor families could not afford many children, and wealthy families did not want to have to divide their inheritance any more than necessary. Boys were most often kept because they would be the heir to the family and preserve the family wealth, while daughters would require a dowry to be given to her husband.2 When the portrait is finished, this young girl and her two older brothers, would be immortalized in stone. This portrait may have been chosen to be made at this time because the girl's father had reached a certain political status, or because this girl had reached an age where it was believed she had survived the hardest part of her life, her childhood, or a combination of both.3 It is unlikely this portrait is a funerary memorial due to the simple fact that it is a round sculpture rather than relief. Most grave markers were decorated with relief in the ancient time... ...n citizens. In order for that to occur, both parents had to be legal Roman citizens. Marriage was a necessary function for survival of lineage, not something any Roman man wanted to be trapped in (Dixon, 1992, 60-65). See Lefkowitz and Fant on guardianship and the Julian Marriage Laws. 24 Dixon, 1992, 72-75. 25 Women were seen to be too careless to manage their own affairs, even as adults. However, women could appoint their own tutor, and may have chosen one strictly for social purposes and managed their own money. See Lefkowitz and Fant on the laws of guardianship. 26 Foss tells the story of Pomponia, the wife of Quintus Cicero, when she is a guest somewhere. She was not invited to have the responsibility of organizing and supervising the feast at the estate. Because she is treated as a guest, she refuses to attend the meal. 27 Foss, 1995.

Traveling West: Diary of Mary Graddy :: essays research papers

August 20th, 1821 Today is a day of hope and of great anticipation. John, my husband, has told me we are to leave to California tomorrow. We are to leave our small, pitiful home here in Massachusetts and find many opportunities in the west. We have heard of many men who have traveled west and discovered gold. â€Å"Gold covers California like a blanket,† they have told John. Our farm here leaves no opportunities for our family. Our two sons and three daughters are growing older and we wish for them to be prosperous. Not like now. Now, we have no money and our only value, our farm, is falling apart. I must pack very few belongings into our wagon and we must be ready to leave with the others when the sun rises in the morning. The elder girls, Anna, who is fifteen, and Lucy, who is twelve, are to help with the cleaning and packing all day. Fannie, seven years old, is very sick, and has some sort of flu. The doctor costs money, which we don’t have, so we are relying on our prayers and faith in God to help her. John and our two sons, William who is seventeen, and Andrew who is ten, are taking care of all last minute details for the farm, and my brother from Virginia is arriving tonight with his wife and baby daughter to care for the farm while we are gone and they are to live here unless we return. August 23rd, 1821 This is our third morning traveling and we are all anxious and eager to see this great place called California. The oxen are behaving well, and I believe we will make it there in a few months. Fannie is slightly better and she has ceased crying throughout the night as she did before we left. This is a sign from God. The Lord shall guide us through this and we shall overcome all obstacles and since Fannie’s fever has gone away I feel better about each new day. September 1st, 1821 Eight days since I have written and those days have been very relaxing. My children and I walk beside the wagon throughout the day and sing many joyous melodies. The weather is starting to cool down now and the breeze feels sensational as it whips through my hair and brushes over my skin. Traveling West: Diary of Mary Graddy :: essays research papers August 20th, 1821 Today is a day of hope and of great anticipation. John, my husband, has told me we are to leave to California tomorrow. We are to leave our small, pitiful home here in Massachusetts and find many opportunities in the west. We have heard of many men who have traveled west and discovered gold. â€Å"Gold covers California like a blanket,† they have told John. Our farm here leaves no opportunities for our family. Our two sons and three daughters are growing older and we wish for them to be prosperous. Not like now. Now, we have no money and our only value, our farm, is falling apart. I must pack very few belongings into our wagon and we must be ready to leave with the others when the sun rises in the morning. The elder girls, Anna, who is fifteen, and Lucy, who is twelve, are to help with the cleaning and packing all day. Fannie, seven years old, is very sick, and has some sort of flu. The doctor costs money, which we don’t have, so we are relying on our prayers and faith in God to help her. John and our two sons, William who is seventeen, and Andrew who is ten, are taking care of all last minute details for the farm, and my brother from Virginia is arriving tonight with his wife and baby daughter to care for the farm while we are gone and they are to live here unless we return. August 23rd, 1821 This is our third morning traveling and we are all anxious and eager to see this great place called California. The oxen are behaving well, and I believe we will make it there in a few months. Fannie is slightly better and she has ceased crying throughout the night as she did before we left. This is a sign from God. The Lord shall guide us through this and we shall overcome all obstacles and since Fannie’s fever has gone away I feel better about each new day. September 1st, 1821 Eight days since I have written and those days have been very relaxing. My children and I walk beside the wagon throughout the day and sing many joyous melodies. The weather is starting to cool down now and the breeze feels sensational as it whips through my hair and brushes over my skin.

Reasons for Attending College or University Essay

Many people attend colleges and universities all over the world to study and conduct research. What are their expectations of the academic experience? In my opinion, people involved in collegiate programs have two main purposes: to gain the experiences and certificates that prepare them for future careers and to increase their knowledge about different aspects of life. Many people desire stable careers that deeply affect their lives. Therefore, good preparation for a future career is a necessity. To maintain and promote your position at a company, especially in certain kinds of jobs, you must have the knowledge and experiences that come from attending a college or university. The skills, spirit, and confidence you gain from studying help equip you for your work. Moreover, it is easier to find a good job when you have qualified certificates. Many well-educated people can carry out their tasks smoothly and methodically with more economization of time and strength than people who manage their work by learning from their failures. Another advantage of attending a college or university is the relationships you build with other people. These relationships help you improve yourself. In a collegiate environment, you learn how to work in groups and how to cooperate with your partners. You also learn to achieve mutual understanding, an essential and useful skill in your future work. The second reason for attending a college or university, increasing knowledge about many aspects of life, might seem a little impractical, but it is, in fact, very practical. Some people have the misconception that studying in college provides them only with knowledge relating directly to their major and that getting certificates is the most important purpose of attending college. With those goals in mind, they often neglect subjects that don’t seem to be applicable to their work. However, knowledge from college is not just useful for your job; it also is useful for many other things in life. For example, people with basic knowledge about literature, history, art, psychology, etc. might enjoy their lives more than unlearned people. They also might overcome difficulties and stress more easily, as well as have an acceptable and optimistic attitude toward obstacles and failures in their lives. Furthermore, cultivated people might treat others in their communities with more regard. Nothing you study in college is useless, and increasing knowledge is as important as getting certificates. The more knowledge you have, the more poetic your life is. Generally speaking, it’s always necessary to have a good education. In addition to obtaining the appropriate certificates, attending a college or university gives you a great opportunity to learn about many different things on both macroscopic and microscopic levels. While the specific reasons people attend colleges and universities might differ, the fundamental purposes are the same: they want to obtain the necessary training and education for their future careers and they want to learn about a variety of different subjects that will apply to their lives outside their future careers. Therefore, everyone who chooses to attend a college or university should always strive to reach their goals and aspirations. This section contains 509 words (approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page)| |.

Alliance Supermarket & Point-of-Sale (POS) Systems Essay

Introduction A universal product code (UPC) can be easily read by a laser system scanner, which then can be forecasted as a product as a point-of-sale (POS), thus then allowing for a better account of the businesses inventory. In this case, Alliance Supermarket using both these systems to be able to replenish their inventory when the system automatically detects whether a certain product item is in demand. A great plus that a Point-of-sale system can do is treat each store different, but then total their needed inventory for replenishment, then placing a one lump side order to fulfill all orders, then distributing them by stores demands. In this paper, I will help the Chief information officer (CIO), which is in charge of Alliance to see what more can be done with the information that is compiled by the POS system. There will also be a comparison between the products being picked up by the POS system, the customer, and determining what other products, the customer potentially is being persuaded to buy. In addition, looking into the customers, buying habits to analyze a pattern in the each product’s sales or weather patterns. POS System Uses & Customer Service Furthermore, now that we understand the pure functioning of the POS system, we can then identify that POS system current purpose in Alliance, and how it can be used differently introspectively speaking. In addition, when a customer buys a product at the Alliance Supermarket, the  UPC barcode is scanned through a laser system, which then updates the entire Alliance Supermarkets inventory. This allows the Alliance base their product orders through a historical pattern for record of their products that are running low, and are in need of replenishing. Now, Alliance Supermarket does not quite understand that due to its different store locations, there are customers purchasing different products per location basis. Therefore, instead of Alliance grouping all its information per product, Alliance can benefit from allocating the individuals stores product history, thus identifying different behavioral purchases for seasonal items or on purchasing habits. In the efforts of Alliance, continuing the use of using the UPC code will enable Alliance not to ever reach their minimal reorder point of product inventory, because there would be a minimal product level of inventory in place that will be tracked through historical product demand patterns. In addition, when a product gets to a minimum inventory product set, then this is when the product will be reordered, allowing for stress to be relieved from the reordering pressures. â€Å"One way it does this is by using computers to monitor sales data and to order (or stop ordering) as point-of-sale (POS) demand information indicates. This information is transmitted each day to the company’s headquarters (Vonderembse, & White, pp 10.2, 2013). Moving forward, the POS system will allow for the Alliance seasonal items to be reordered in accordance to their last season’s product performances. This is in comparison to Alliance’s current system in place, which is basing their products inventory total by combining all its stores inventory sold. Now, this is where the origination of the current systems problems in place is affecting its customers at different store locations. Thus, customers who are being affecting become customers that are irate due to not having their product on hand at their disposal. The use of this system allows for the demand of customer products not to be overstocked, which will results in having happier customers, and keeping the costs low. The different Alliance store locations can allow for a promotional use of new products by adapting to their customers buying patterns. Creating Reduction in Costs & Increasing Customer Service In an effort to create higher profits, every business goal should be to reduce its costs. One of the ways Alliance can help in costs reduction; it  must first decrease its overhead by adding more self-checkouts, in addition to controlling its inventory. The correct analysis in inventory will also allow for a reduction in costs, as it will reorder what it has needed versus producing overstocking in merchandise. In accordance, the self-checkout aisle will allow more customers to be checked-out in a faster process, thus saving more means on less employees causing customers to be self-checkout through multiple machines, thus allowing for a huge reduction in Alliance’s cost and cause a positive ripple effect in increasing customer service. â€Å"Thinking short-term and cutting hinders costs long-term growth. Practical implications – Leaders need to evaluate their practice, asking questions of themselves and look at making more long-term plans. They need to involve and eng age key personnel now and the in future† (Denton, p 3, 2013). New Approach Methods/Individual Customers The first new approach that Alliance can implement is by using the information purchased by their customers on an individual basis by learning from their habits in purchases been made at Alliance’s different store locations. This will enable Alliance to identify what items are been sought out more than others through this separation of store locations, product preference, and customer demand. For example, I shop at CVS Pharmacy here in Houston, TX, and the why they attract us back in the store is through coupons that can be used for items, we normally but, in other words, Alliance needs to be able to weather different products to continue to drive them to the stores new promotional avenues. Therefore, if Alliance uses the same method CVS Pharmacy uses in order to attract more walk-in customers, Alliance needs to know what products their customers are accustomed to buying, thus identifying new sell opportunities by the use of coupons. Nevertheless, the individual product information can also be used to determine, what purchases are in need of replenishing Alliance’s inventory by identifying their customers buying patterns or habits. â€Å"The rapid proliferation in the use of technology through Point of Sale (POS) data by supermarket retailers has resulted in delivering value to consumers† Pepe, & Pepe, pp 69, 2012). Privacy & Ethics Alliance Supermarket needs to adhere to its privacy and ethical  considerations in order to gather information based off the purchased items using the POS system. Alliance needs to make sure they have all their ducks in a row before they start to analyze their customer’s personal and private buying habits. Therefore, every business needs to keep in mind their customers privacy or ethical concerns due to violating these laws can hinder a business success and customers trust. A business ethics counts for a lot in a customer’s point of view by determining whether an organization is ethical or not will be the decision a customer will have to make before conducting business with them. However, if and when Alliance starts to track its customers personal purchasing habits, Alliance needs to make sure they only analyze those customers that are aware of Alliance objectives, then Alliance can move forward with their mission. In addition, one important thing Alliance needs to remember, is that the information obtained should only be used for business purposes, and not for personal reasons, because this can lead to illegal activity, and breaking a customer’s trust. â€Å"Considering the Internet advertising industry’s current actions, computer users and government regulators would be well advised, both practically and ethically, to move to a user control model in electronic monitoring† (Charters, p 243, 2002). Conclusion In conclusion, the universal product code (UPC) can be easily read by a laser system scanner, which then can be forecasted as a product as a point-of-sale (POS), thus then allowing for a better account of the businesses inventory. In this case, Alliance Supermarket using both these systems to be able to replenish their inventory when the system automatically detects whether a certain product item is in demand. A great plus that a Point-of-sale system can do is treat each store different, but then total their needed inventory for replenishment, then placing a one lump side order to fulfill all orders, then distributing them by stores demands. My findings have resulting in suggesting to the Chief information officer (CIO) of Alliance, based on the information compiled by the UPS & POS systems, that the individual buying habits of their customers buying patterns can lead to a positive approach in each of their product’s sales or weather patterns. In essence, the POS system will allow for better control of Alliance’s inventory, thus reducing costs from a strategic point of view  by fine-tuning their inventory based on individual customers/individual stores, which will accurately determine the appropriate inventory needed replenishing. In addition, adapting a coupon-based system, which will personalize their products in need of marketing base on individual customers buying habits, thus resulting in an increase in customer service. Of course, let us do keep in mind Alliance’s customers privacy, while keeping Alliances Supermarkets Ethical behavioral at an all-time high. Reference: Charters, D. (2002). Electronic monitoring and privacy issues in business marketing: The ethics of the DoubleClick experience. Journal of Business Ethics, 35(4), 243-254. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/198066766?accountid=32521 Denton, A. (2013). Why is productivity falling in 2013? the role of leadership in creating growth during the recession. Strategic Direction, 29(7), 3-5. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/SD-04-2013-0010 Pepe, M. R., & Pepe, M. S. (2012). Using point of sale (POS) data to deliver customer value in the supermarket industry through category management practices. Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness, 6(1), 69-73. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1019047228?accountid=32521 Vonderembse, M.A. & White, G.P. (2013). Operations Management . San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

Case Analysis - Schindler India

Case Analysis Schindler India Essay MGT 554: International Business and Law Silvio Napoli at Schindler India (A) – A Case Analysis ____________________________________________________________ __________________ CASE ANALYSIS – SCHINDLER INDIA Schindler Holding Ltd, a respected Swiss elevator company, was established in 1874 by Robert Schindler and the first Schindler elevator was installed in India in 1925. After technical and sales collaborations with Indian companies, ECE and Bharat Bijlee Ltd. (BBL) in 1958 and 1985, Schindler Ltd decided to setup a wholly owned company in India in 1998. The Indian economy had been liberalized in 1991 and the economy was growing at a rapid clip with many commercial buildings, hotels etc, being setup. Sensing the growing opportunity, Alfred Schindler, Chairman and 4th generation founder family member, decided to invest in India. But he also knew that Indian elevator market was very demanding requiring customization even at the lowest elevator product range and very price sensitive. The market was also competitive and he was also aware that almost 50% of the market was captured by their worldwide competitors, Otis, and the remaining 24% by other well known brands like Finland based Kone etc. It was clear to him that entering this competitive yet potentially lucrative and profitable market would require services of a person with qualities of having a long term vision, foresight, be able to take high risks, be decisive, require thorough understanding of the local elevator market and to be able to adapt to the ever-changing local market conditions. Mr. Silvio Napoli seemed to have the right qualities for the job. Graduating with MBA from Harvard Business School, Silvio was appointed as head of corporate planning and was involved in strategic review processes, benchmarking and competitor analysis etc. hereby gaining good understanding of the global elevator market. He also gained good MGT 554: International Business and Law Silvio Napoli at Schindler India (A) – A Case Analysis ____________________________________________________________ __________________ experience managing a project that developed a standardized, low cost elevator for the highly saturated western e levator markets of France, Spain etc. , an experience that could also be leveraged for the Indian market. Silvio was also assigned with the task of evaluating the Indian elevator market for potential joint ventures, understand prevailing legal systems, estimate market size etc. and with this knowledge Silvio presented a India specific business plan to the corporate headquarters, which was quickly approved. So, Silvio should have been the right person for the job, but after reviewing his progress after 7 months, it became clear that he lacked essential qualities of having a long term vision, foresight, inflexibility and patience. Yes it is true that Silvio did a research about India and could get all the necessary information to start the wholly owned subsidiary of Schindler in India, but he lacked in understanding the cultural preferences and local preference to customizations. Silvio was strong headed and single minded, impatient and short tempered and also over communicative. He was not open to ideas communicated by his senior management, including managing director, Mehar Karan Singh, who emphasized on the need to have patience in the Indian market and develop relationships with customers. All these qualities of Silvio are not exactly appropriate in the Indian elevator market and could also lead to ineffective management control and dissatisfied subordinates. Given that Schindler was expecting large growth in a short period of time (sell 50 units in first year and have 20% of the market share within 5 years), it is clear Silvio also lacked execution capabilities. In the 7 months since Schindler established a dedicated presence in India, not a single elevator was installed in the country. Future prospects also looked bleak with no new concrete orders and escalated cost of elevators. READ: Essay on Junk Food By Judith Warner EssayMr. Luc Bonnard, Vice Chairman of the MGT 554: International Business and Law Silvio Napoli at Schindler India (A) – A Case Analysis ____________________________________________________________ __________________ company, naturally was not pleased with Silvio’s performance. From Luc Bonnard’s perspective, Silvio had managed to setup the entity in India in a very cost effective manner, without incurring major investments. The company had no dedicated elevator manufacturing facilities, no elaborate logistics or distribution investments and infact office space and furniture were also rented. Silvio had also hired some of the best local talent in key managerial and technical positions in the country. But these measures per se will not lead to profitability and it is recommended that for Silvio to succeed, he would have to first increase product offering in the country, showcase latest technology though it may be expensive in the price conscious market, start setting up a manufacturing facility and not overly depend on outsourcing every aspect right from assembly, be updated with the latest pricing from corporate headquarters and establish tighter communication and rapport between the local and corporate facilities of the company. Silvio formed new management team, which seemed to have a better grasp of the local elevator market conditions, was not comfortable with Silvio’s rigidity in concentrating on standardized elevators without much customization and seriously doubted if the company could be successful with only one low end, standardized elevator, S001. So, when there was a sales opportunity for some elevators, even though they required customization, the management team grabbed this opportunity without Silvio’s knowledge. But Silvio seemed to disagree or unhappy with this order since it went against his policy of minimizing elevator customizations and using only standardarized product offerings. There was no adaptability in Silvio’s business plan and he rigidly believed in global standardization strategy to focus on increasing profitability and profit MGT 554: International Business and Law Silvio Napoli at Schindler India (A) – A Case Analysis ____________________________________________________________ __________________ growth. Napoli’s plan called for Schindler India to sell 50 units in first year and to win 20% market share. The company has a strong pressure to reduce cost and limited pressure to adapt to the Indian market. It is recommended that for Silvio to succeed in the Indian market, he must immediately alter his plan and introduce elevator customizations. In the short term, his technical staff must be sent to the corporate headquarters for training on existing standardized elevator design, understand the technical specifications and explore possible customization options in the current range of elevators. In case if the existing team was still felt to be too inexperienced to handle this new range of elevators, then Silvio must also have options to bring in technically qualified personnel from the headquarters. For a long term strategy, it is recommended there are flexible technology transfer agreement between the Indian subsidiary and the corporate headquarters for multiple elevator product ranges that allows high degree of elevator customization. It is also highly recommended to set up a Greenfield manufacturing facility in the country to leverage on the cost and labor arbitrage, instead of extensively outsourcing and depending on external vendors for elevator assembly and spare parts. In addition to the problems faced in executing elevator orders due to elevator customization issues, Silvio also erred in formulating appropriate pricing strategy for India. His business plan did not consider important financial related factors like effect of Government policies on elevator industry, fluctuations in the currency exchange rate, effect of changes in the new transfer policy introduced by the corporate headquarters etc. As it is known, transfer pricing is determined various factors but primarily on profit earned by the subsidiary and also takes into account difference in the currency exchange READ: Changing Use Of Language EssayMGT 554: International Business and Law Silvio Napoli at Schindler India (A) – A Case Analysis By Satish Krishnamoorthy, Ramya Narayanaswamy, Karthik Chittatoor, Kamalendra Velendra ____________________________________________________________ __________________ rates. To handle the current pricing crisis, in the short term, it is recommended for Silvio to immediately negotiate with the corporate headquarters to revert back on the old transfer pricing method hat he had used to calculate pricing. For the long term, Silvio should enter into a mutual agreement with corporate headquarters that there will be no changes in transfer pricing methodology and changes in prices of essential imported elevator spare parts, without adequate prior intimation. Alternately, Silvio can also mutually agree on the transfer prices of some of the models transfer prices in his yearly budget and thereby shielding from sudden changes in the pricing.